A Vertical Lathe, also known as a vertical boring mill, is specifically designed for machining massive, heavy, and short workpieces. Its defining feature is a vertically oriented spindle and a rotating table (chuck), which allows the workpiece to sit securely under its own weight. This configuration is ideal for turning large diameters, facing, and boring operations on parts like turbine housings, large gears, and industrial rollers. The vertical design offers superior stability for heavy loads and often provides easier loading and setup compared to horizontal lathes for oversized components.